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Nom
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Sanguet, Joseph Louis
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Date de naissance
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1848
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Date de mort
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1921
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Lieu de naissance
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Aigueblanche
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Couverture temporelle
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4/4 19th / 1/4 20th century
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Biographie
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Native of Savoy, Sanguet there learnt the skills of the topographer and developed his method of auto-reduction to overcome the dificulties of direct measurement in such a mountanous region. His principle depended on the use of a graduated levelling-staff againt which measurement were made to determine the horizontal distance between two given points. Having the first idea of this method when he was only 15 years old, he developed it during the following two years, and obtained a patent for it in 1866. Put into production, the instrument was submitted to the Société d'Encouragement de l'Industrie Nationale in the same year. In the following years several refinements and improvements were made.
Sanguet subsequently pursued a career as a railway engineer and was also employed by the Société Générale du Touquet Paris Plage. In 1903 he mapped the entire Touquet area and laid out the region of the future bathing station, Le Touquet - Paris Plage. Sanguet subsequently became president of the Société de Topographie parcellaire de France and describes himself as 'officer of the Academy' on the title-page of Le Tachéomètre… Best known for his auto-reducing tacheometer, he also devised several other surveying instruments. A version of the tacheometer adapted for mountain use which he called a 'longi-altimètre'; a coordinatomètre;a 'diastimomètre' (a prism to be set in front of a telescope objective in order to transform it into a micrometric telescope); a compass for explorers; protractors adapted for use with his tacheometers, several forms of sighting poles, a Mannheim slide-rule adapted to the needs of the topographer and a rapid calculator for altitudes and horizontal coordinates. All these instruments Sanguet manufactured exclusively himself.1 In later years his methods were propogated by his son-in-law, Philippe Jarre.2
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Notes biographiques
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1 'M. Sanguet, ingénieur topographe, dirige personellement la construction des divers instruments inventés par lui', IFIP.
2 See for example his La Tachéométrie de précision (méthode J.-L. Sanguet). traité théorique et pratique… 1st edition 1924, 3rd edition 1944.
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Bibliographie
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La Voix populaire , Tableau synoptique du mouvement des opinions en France depuis le 8 février 1871, dressé par…, Paris 1871
Le Cadastre de la Savoie…, Paris 1886.
Tables trigonométriques centésimales, procédées des logarithmes des nombres de 1 à 10000, suivies d'un grand nombre de tables relatives à la transformation de coordonnées topographiques en coordonnées géographiques et vice versa, aux nivellements trigonométriques et barométriques, au calcul de l'azimut du soleil et de l'étoile polaire, du temps et de la latitude, au tracé des courbes avec le tacjhéomètre…, Paris 1889.
Another edition, 1922.
Another edition, 1949.
Le Tachéomètre Sanguet (autoréducteur), Paris 1899.
Prix-courant des instruments tachéométriques…, Paris, April 1901.
[Avec Philippe Jarre], La Règle à calculer 'Sanguet', instruction pratique à l'usage du géomètre, Paris 1920.
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Adresse ; enseigne ; période ; source
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1900: 29, rue Monge Paris Prix-courant
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1944: 31 rue Monge Paris
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Exposition année ; ville ; type ; récompense
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1889: Paris, Universal, Gold medal
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1900: Paris, Universal, Gold medal
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1908: London, International, Grand prix
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1910: Bruxelles, International, Grand prix
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1911: Turin, Member of the Jury
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Identifiant
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522
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ark:/18469/1q5h4